With our marine ecosystems under constant threat from overfishing and illegal operations, regulatory bodies need a reliable way to monitor commercial fishing fleets. To enforce regulations and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems, authorities must have accurate information about where and when fishing vessels are operating. A key technology in this process is the vessel monitoring system (VMS).
VMS is a satellite-based tracking technology used primarily by national and regional regulatory bodies to monitor commercial fishing fleets. VMS is a closed and encrypted network that transmits a vessel’s location, speed and heading directly to fisheries management centers, ensuring that the data remains secure.
This technology is a cornerstone of monitoring, control and surveillance efforts. VMS allows authorities to verify that vessels are respecting marine protected areas, adhering to seasonal closures and operating only within authorized fishing grounds. It supports efforts to address illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, helping hold operators accountable to national and international laws and ensuring fishing activity remains within ecological limits.
While VMS data has traditionally been kept confidential, a growing number of governments are choosing to publish their VMS data publicly. Sharing this information breaks down silos, enabling researchers, neighboring coastal states and civil society to collaborate on ocean governance. It also contributes to maintaining seafood supply chain integrity by enabling governments to detect and prevent illicit products from entering the market.
Integrating secure VMS data with open information systems adds a powerful layer of insight to global tracking efforts. By embracing transparency and public vessel tracking, diverse stakeholders — from resource managers to supply chain operators — can design adaptive management measures, build sector-wide trust and safeguard ocean resources for future generations.
